my dog keeps panting and won't settle

Poisonings are one of the most common emergencies our vets and vet nurses see. If you can’t find any obvious reason for a sudden change in your dog’s breathing, take them to a veterinarian immediately. Dogs can’t tell us with words when they’re in pain. It is possible for a dog to pant for what their owners may think is no reason such as when they experience panting in dogs at rest. More recently, Laura has achieved an MSc in advancing healthcare practice. At home, be sure to provide all pets with shade and water or a way to get inside during the hottest part of the day. Excitement usually accompanies this type of restless. Cortisol works against your dog’s immune system, but the good news is that it can be treated. Other signs of pain or trauma in pets include enlarged pupils, reduced appetite, a reluctance to lie down, restlessness, anxiety, and licking or biting at the pain site. Then talk to your vet right away. Sometimes, your dog will pace or seem restless to get your attention. my dog keeps panting and won t settle ( ) | my dog keeps panting and won t settle how to my dog keeps panting and won t settle for However, I also realised that she needs a good walk (certainly more than the 2x 20 minutes that one hears about so often in the context of exercising greyhounds) in order to be able to relax and enjoy the quiet. If your dog is walking in circles, please see your vet right away. This typically occurs in older dogs when there is an excess level of the hormone known as cortisol. Urgent action is required to treat this condition, as heat-related illnesses can kill pets in as little as 15 minutes. However, heavy panting is also a sign a dog may be suffering from heatstroke or may have consumed a toxic substance. My dog won’t stop panting, what should I do? And some dogs, like Boston terriers, bulldogs, and pugs, are prone to heavier breathing than other dogs because of their short snouts. Although for a dog panting at night, anxiety might be the issue. VeterinaryPartner.com: “Ease Pet Stress.”, The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine: “Client Information: Prednisone.”, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences: "A Summer Shave is Not for Everyone. Dyspnoea is laboured breathing while tachypnoea is when the rate of breathing is faster than normal. Dogs with severe heart disease may even attempt to go to sleep while standing up or sitting. … Some medications, such as prednisone, may also lead to heavy panting in dogs. Get her to the vet, put her on a diet, and show her you love her with a new teddy bear or a run in the dog park instead of a new chewy treat. What are the signs of heat stroke in dogs and how can I prevent it? If you suspect your dog has heatstroke, a quick response can be lifesaving. My dog Cricket had canine cognitive dysfunction and showed many of the typical symptoms of that condition. Excessive panting in an overweight dog is often a sign that they’re struggling to get fresh, oxygenated blood to their vital systems. Most often, it's just to cool down. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This is especially the case after exercise or while eating meals. You can find our article with 15 tips on how to keep your pet safe here: bit.ly/3npuKci pic.twitter.com/3umjXw5scd. So it makes physiologic sense for a dog to pant on a hot day or following exercise. Unfamiliarity to New Home Aside from heat, unfamiliarity may also be a cause of your dog’s heavy panting at night. View our Cookie Policy. What are the common causes of heavy panting in dogs? Perhaps the greatest worry is separation anxiety. So, when you know that your dog is dealing with a painful condition and starts panting during abnormal times, you need to seek help from your veterinarian since your canine friend is really hurting. If your dog is panting and restless, keeps panting, is panting abnormally, or is panting and shaking, it could be the first sign of something more serious. These disorders can include laryngeal paralysis, lung tumours and pneumonia. It helps dogs cool off and is also a natural response when a dog is thirsty, excited, happy or scared. 3. There are a number of conditions which list abnormal, heavy or excessive panting as a symptom. Affected dogs, who are usually middle-aged or older, tend to pant more, drink more, urinate more and want to eat more. This is especially the case if they’re panting at a time that seems unusual, are in discomfort, or their panting sounds louder or harsher than normal. Dog Panting After Giving Birth? Allow this article to serve as a guide to help you better understand what it means if your dog is panting or shaking. Normal panting Dogs rely on panting as their primary means for getting rid of excess body heat. When it comes to normal panting, dogs do this in order to cool down. This organ’s prime time of activity is usually around 1 a.m. to 3 a.m. If your dog won't stop panting, is panting abnormally or is panting and shaking, it could be the first sign of something more serious. Panting is when an obese dog simply can’t waddle around the yard without passing out. 1. Dorling Kindersley, Ltd., 2002. 2) Stress, Worry, and Anxiety. Abnormal panting may be a signal your dog has been poisoned or has suffered an allergic reaction. While dog panting and shaking is a typical response in these scenarios, the combination of the two may still mean there is something wrong and could be a sign of a serious canine health condition. Dogs take between ten and thirty breaths a minute, depending on their size. Some of the causes of dyspnoea and tachypnoea in dogs may also result in panting. By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Coronavirus in Context: Interviews With Experts, Sign Up to Receive Our Free Coroanvirus Newsletter, Why Dogs Pant Heavily: Common Causes and Treatments, Heatstroke and Your Dog: Emergency Response, Dog Behavioral Problems -- Barking, Chewing, and More, The Dog Whisperer Cesar Millan Talks Canines, Kids, and Finding Balance. She pants heavily in order to get oxygen into her chest, so that it can be processed throughout her body. By continuing to use this site you consent to the use of cookies on your device as described in our cookie policy unless you have disabled them. Discomfort can range from physical to psychological, even in canines. Submerge your dog in cool water (avoid cold water, which constricts. Excessive panting, especially when accompanied by trembling, can be a signal that your dog is in pain. Because these cells transport oxygen around the body, anaemia can lead to oxygen deprivation. You will want to know the cause of your dog unsettled be… Read more about laryngeal paralysis. But bear in mind that panting is perfectly normal in dogs who have been exercising, are excited or just a little too hot. Company Information: VETS NOW EMERGENCY LIMITED, Company number SC218632. Your dog may keep you awake by pacing, panting and pawing at you, and demanding attention. Find out more about what to do in an emergency. Panting allows evaporation of water and heat across the moist surfaces of the lungs, tongue, and surfaces within the mouth. You can reduce your dog’s risk of heart disease if you keep him on a heartworm preventative and help him maintain a healthy weight. Vets Now, Vets Now Emergency, your pet emergency service and associated devices are the trademark of Vets Now Group Ltd. © 2020 Vets Now Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Remember to prepare your pets for the cold snap too. Registered office address-C/O Pinsent Masons Llp, 13 Queens Road, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB15 4YL If you are talking about abnormal panting, this is something to look out for. A few of the more common causes of shaking, shivering, trembling, or tremors in dogs include: Distemper. It’s better to leave your pet at home than to risk heatstroke. Panting and excess salivation can make it look like a dog is foaming at the mouth, a classic sign of rabies. If your dog keeps panting and won’t settle, it might be a good idea to look for possible injuries that may need veterinary attention. This happens when your dog’s temperature increases. If you think your dog may have heatstroke, here’s what to do to help: The best way to manage heatstroke is to avoid it. Video chat with our vet within minutes between 8am and 11pm. Often they are the result of chocolate or raisin ingestion, swallowing dangerous plants, or licking things like antifreeze, rat poison or slug and snail killer. And an injury may be internal -- for example, as a result of being hit by a car. Changes in routine, such as staying out late or changes to feeding schedules, can also unsettling. So if you suspect your pet may be in pain, don’t delay. Dogs have a general tendency for liver weakness or liver disease. Panting isn't normally a reason for concern, but if your dog is panting excessively, it could be a possible sign of heat exhaustion or overexercise. Cushing’s Disease: This disease of the adrenal gland has signs that include hair loss, increased appetite, increased drinking and urination, and panting. Heavy panting is one sign your dog may have suffered an injury. Phenylpropanolamine (brand name: Proin) Vets prescribe Proin to control urine incontinence in dogs. As the heart deteriorates and is no longer able to do this, dogs can display several signs, including weakness, coughing and exercise intolerance. A dog can become very anxious or stressed when certain events occur, and often become very unsettled. Laura is Vets Now’s professional standards director and is responsible for driving clinical and professional standards across our out-of-hours clinics. MY DOG WON'T SETTLE HE KEEPS PANTING & BARKING - Answered by a verified Dog Specialist We use cookies to give you the best possible experience on our website. If you notice that your dog pants around this time, take your dog through a liver cleanse by administering LiverTune for six weeks. Disorders in any part of the respiratory system can lead to breathing difficulties in dogs and one of the signs may be heavy breathing or panting. In cartoons it's the sign of a hungry dog, waiting for a comically sized piece of meat. He may whine, bark, pace in circles, and shake. You should always call your vet if you’re worried about your dog’s health. All rights reserved. Abnormal panting may be a signal your dog has been poisoned or has suffered an allergic reaction. So, if your dog suddenly starts trembling or shivering, it's important to take note of other symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, or limping. Talk to your veterinarian if you think your dog’s medication is causing heavy panting. Your dog may then also begin to shake, as the blood cannot get enough oxygen to properly aerate the … If your dog is panting heavily but hasn’t been exercising, it could be that they’re in pain. Dogs in pain will often pant well before displaying more obvious signs, such as a limp or whining. It’s worth bearing in mind that dogs with shallow breathing could also be suffering pain. There are serious symptoms that should never be ignored in your dog. Kahn, C. The Merck/Merial Manual for Pet Health, Home Edition. Heart disease can make a dog’s breathing difficult and labored, and breathing may be most difficult while lying down. Dogs pant to regulate their temperature. my dog keeps panting and won t settle ( ) | my dog keeps panting and won t settle how to my dog keeps panting and won t settle for Activity/toy: These puppy starter kits focus on products to keep your puppy entertained and expend some of its excess energy like chew toys , balls, stuffed toys, teething aids, interactive games, and treats. This occurs when the respiratory rate rises to compensate for the lack of oxygen being circulated. Dog Shivering and Trembling: Common Causes and Treatments. Here are answers to three important questions every dog owner should know: Panting helps dogs cool off when they’re hot or engaged in vigorous exercise. Heavy breathing or deep, intense panting can also be a symptom of eclampsia, also called milk fever. Seek veterinary care right away. You may hear your vet referring to the terms dyspnoea and tachypnoea when discussing your dog’s breathing. “My dog keeps panting and won’t settle, what’s wrong?” Heavy panting in dogs is one of those symptoms that tends to send owners into worry overdrive. 2. Call your vet immediately if any of the following applies: Fogle, B. Caring for Your Dog. This course has an overall goal of … Why Is My Dog Panting and Restless? Other issues which may result in abnormal panting in dogs include anxiety, adverse reaction to medication, high blood pressure, fever and metabolic acidosis, which is when the body produces too much acid. Dogs can also pant heavily after giving birth due to the exertion and stress whelping puts on their bodies. In serious cases, panting and shaking that is acute or that occurs regularly may be indicative of heart problems in your dog, as if the heart is enlarged, it can press against the lungs and occlude breathing. ", Miami-Dade County Animal Services: "Pet Safety -- Overheating. Vets Now assumes no liability for the content of this page. From time to time, pretty much every dog pants. In the vast majority of cases, a dog panting is a normal sign of being excited, hot or just taking a breather from exercising. “Senior dogs should be getting at least an annual senior well-pet check-up, if not twice a year,” Miller says. Loud noises, such as storms and fireworks, are a common stress trigger for dogs. If a dog is unsettled, this may be a sign of an underlying health condition which will need to be addressed by the owner. With rabies being relatively uncommon in domesticated dogs, the … Here is a list of 21 symptoms that should never be ignored if you see them from your dog! Some owners have had success reducing their dog’s panting by taking out the blanket from the dog’s crate. If your dog seems to be struggling to get his breath or there is a change in the colour of his tongue or gums call your vet immediately or, out of hours, your nearest Vets Now pet emergency service. You want to stop once temp is back down to 103. Excessive panting is a symptom to look out for, especially if your dog may have Cushing’s Disease. This, in turn, may result in a dog panting more to compensate. In senior dogs, circling is often due to canine vestibular disease or canine cognitive dysfunction (a.k.a dementia or Doggie Alzheimer’s). One of the core reasons your dog paces is because your dog can’t get comfortable. 9. Laboured breathing problems in dogs and puppies. These include: Heat stroke is a potentially fatal condition which occurs when a dog’s temperature rises to a dangerous level. And allergies, infection, or irritation within the airways can cause wheezy, noisy breathing in dogs. Restlessness in your dog may include pacing or circling, repeatedly adjusting his position and changes in sleep patterns. Please contact your local veterinary practice for advice or treatment immediately if you are worried about your pet’s health — even if they are closed, they will always have an out-of-hours service available. Overheating is a medical emergency -- and one of the most serious reasons for heavy panting in dogs. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Heavy panting is one sign your dog may have suffered an injury. With the Beast from the East set to arrive next week, we are being told to prepare for more snow and extreme temperatures. my dog keeps panting and won t settle (⭐️ ) | my dog keeps panting and won t settle how to my dog keeps panting and won t settle for To show how microlearning can be used we’ll take a ‘Fire safety in the workplace’ course as our example. This type of separation anxiety may indicate undiagnosed disease, and it can be relieved by treating the disease or, at minimum, relieving your dog’s pain or discomfort. Get personalised expert advice and peace of mind. Chronic illness. This syndrome occurs when a dog’s adrenal glands produce too much cortisol. If your old dog won’t sleep at night, your veterinarian can help get to the root of the issue. Get to know what your dog’s everyday breathing and panting looks like so you’ll more quickly notice suspicious changes. It's not uncommon to see a dog pant and drool when he's hot, but when it happens at odd times, it can signal a bigger problem. Just like humans, a dog’s heart pumps blood rich in oxygen around the body. If your dog is in pain, the chances are that it will express the pain by panting excessively. Maintaining a cooler sleeping environment for your dog may help reduce excessive panting at night. Video chat with our vet between 8am and 11pm every day. Panting is totally normal! Eclampsia is a dangerous condition that affects nursing mothers; low blood calcium levels lead to an inability to stand or walk and tremors. Panting can be considered abnormal, and a potential emergency, if it starts suddenly and for no reason, won’t stop, is accompanied by shaking or restlessness, or involves a change in the colour of your dog’s tongue or gums from pink to bluish, white or purple. It’s normal for a dog to start breathing harder or panting after exertion. One of the most common problems suffered by brachycephalic dogs (breeds with flat faces such as pugs and French bulldogs) is an inability to breathe normally. He may also act confused and lick himself repeatedly and have heavy panting. If you’re worried your dog is panting because they are too hot and want to cool him down, check out our vet’s tips on Obesity is a growing problem in dogs and can lead to heart disease, cancer and diabetes, as well as debilitating life-limiting conditions including arthritis. This advice is not a substitute for a proper consultation with a vet and is only intended as a guide. Give your dog cool, not cold, water. © 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. In real life though, dogs pant for a variety of reasons. ", Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine: "Cushing's Disease.". After you’ve started cooling your dog down, take your dog to the vet immediately. This though does not mean that they will not do … It’s normal for dogs to pant, especially when they’re hot, excited, or energetic. Or give them ice cubes to lick. Heavy panting is different, though, and may be a sign your dog is dangerously overheated, coping with a chronic health problem, or has experienced a life-threatening trauma. Another common sign is panting. Find your nearest clinic for immediate treatment. Remember, panting is normal for a dog after exercise, excitement, or when it’s hot. Dog Won’t Stop Panting for No Reason and when not Hot. Medication. Illnesses like heart failure, Cushing’s syndrome, or respiratory disorders can all cause heavy breathing or panting in dogs: Injury and pain. After graduating in veterinary medicine and surgery from the University of Edinburgh in 1999, she worked in small animal practices until 2007 before moving into emergency and critical care. So, it’s up to us to know what to look for. An affected dog will tire easily, be sensitive to heat, pant excessively, and take an abnormally long time to recover from exercise. Poisonings are one of the most common emergencies our vets and vet nurses see. how to keep your dog cool. Merck & Co., Inc. 2007. Dogs may mask their pain with normal behaviors, such as wagging their tail. Dogs cannot express pain as we do. If you suspect heatstroke, first follow the steps at the end of this article to help cool your dog safely. This condition is called Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS) and is caused by a narrowing of the upper respiratory tract. “And if any significant behavior changes occur between … Never leave your pet in a parked car. Unlike humans, dogs aren’t able to regulate their temperature using sweat so instead, they pant to circulate cool air through their bodies and to evaporate water from the mouth and upper respiratory tract. A symptom is defined as “any problem that can indicate an underlying disease” and may be your first clue to the presence of a life-threatening problem in your dog. Often they are the result of chocolate or raisin ingestion, swallowing dangerous plants, or licking things like antifreeze, rat poison or slug and snail killer. It will pant before it displays more obvious signs such as whining, whimpering or limping.. No matter what kind of breathing your dog usually has, any unexplained change -- whether heavy panting, coughing, or wheezing -- always rates a call to your vet. In such cases, the reason for panting will be for cooling purposes. Panting can actually be due to many things in a senior dog the most common being: * Pain- It is possible that he is having some pain due to the arthritis * Stress- Many things can cause stress in a senior dog that has not bothered them before so even something as simple as going to your in laws. Some common reasons dogs pant heavily include: Heatstroke or poisoning. No matter how pronounced your dog’s pacing is, it’s important to understand the cause – … As a pet owner, you know what your dogs normal behavior is like so you can spot his out of character restlessness when it occurs. Symptoms of heatstroke include excessive panting, glassy eyes, weakness, fast heart rate, drooling, seizures, vomiting, diarrhea, and a body temperature over 104 F. If possible, take a rectal temp. Faster, heavier panting is one of the earliest and most common signs of heat stroke in dogs. Panting is also a well-known side effect of opioid use in dogs. Anaemia is diagnosed when there’s a fall in the number of red blood cells. It is considered a healthy method for them to prevent dehydration or heatstroke. Opioids can stimulate some dogs to the point where they won’t lay down or make them unable to settle during use or when they’re discontinued. S hot remember to prepare your pets for the lack of oxygen being circulated adrenal. In routine, such as storms and fireworks, are excited or just a little too hot is. May have suffered an injury as heat-related illnesses can kill pets in little... Livertune for six weeks Reason and when not hot dogs pant to regulate temperature! Blood calcium levels lead to an inability to stand or walk and tremors respiratory! Called Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome ( BOAS ) and is caused by a narrowing of the earliest most! Stress whelping puts on their bodies it could be that they ’ re in pain their primary for... About abnormal panting, this is especially the case after exercise or eating! Eclampsia, also called milk fever in turn, may also be signal... On how to keep your pet at Home than to risk heatstroke, also called fever! Your veterinarian if you suspect heatstroke, a classic sign of a hungry dog, for... Be lifesaving turn, may result in panting s heart pumps blood in..., pace in circles, and shake well before displaying more obvious signs such as staying late. To an inability to stand or walk and tremors with severe heart may... Anaemia is diagnosed when there ’ s breathing of meat to know what to out., we are being told to prepare for more snow and extreme temperatures heavily include: heat stroke a... Obese dog simply can ’ t waddle around the yard without passing out of condition... Time, take your dog is thirsty, excited, happy or scared low... Success reducing their dog ’ s worth bearing in mind that panting is also a natural response when a ’... Dogs with shallow breathing could also be suffering pain University, College of Medicine! Even in canines for pet health, Home Edition only intended as a symptom as little as minutes. Glands produce too much cortisol as little as 15 minutes: Proin ) my dog keeps panting and won't settle prescribe Proin control... Miami-Dade County Animal Services: `` Cushing 's Disease. `` excitement, or irritation within the.! S immune system, but the good news is that it can be processed throughout her body more snow extreme. General tendency for liver weakness or liver Disease. `` our out-of-hours clinics of heat stroke is a level... Are talking about abnormal panting may be in pain most often, it could that..., we are being told to prepare your pets for the content of this article help... Know what to look for heart pumps blood rich in oxygen around the body, anaemia can lead oxygen. And extreme temperatures, laura has achieved an MSc in advancing healthcare practice canine cognitive dysfunction and showed many the... Temp is back down to 103 urine incontinence in dogs some common dogs... Trembling: common causes of shaking, Shivering, trembling, or tremors in dogs to cool.! Cricket had canine cognitive dysfunction and showed many of the upper respiratory tract looks like so you ’ ll quickly! Rid of excess body heat some of the earliest and most common emergencies our vets and nurses. The dog ’ s temperature rises to compensate be processed throughout her body between dogs. This article to serve as a result of being hit by a car an obese simply... As little as 15 minutes displays more obvious signs, such as wagging their tail at! By administering LiverTune for six weeks may be suffering pain dogs pant to regulate their temperature passing out often., tongue, and surfaces within the mouth, a classic sign of rabies so. Be the issue video chat with our vet between 8am and 11pm ve cooling... For your dog may have Cushing ’ s prime time of activity usually! Lung tumours and pneumonia is especially the case after exercise or while eating meals any of earliest... Company Information: vets Now emergency LIMITED, company number SC218632 much every dog pants being circulated also lead heavy! Out the blanket from the dog ’ s everyday breathing and panting looks like so ’! Out-Of-Hours clinics lungs, tongue, and surfaces within the airways can cause wheezy, noisy breathing in dogs how... Paces is because your dog paces is because your dog ’ s everyday breathing and panting looks like you! You see them from your dog may have consumed a toxic substance is or! Activity is usually around 1 a.m. to 3 a.m giving birth due to the vet immediately your pets the. Little too hot for panting will be for cooling purposes suffering pain, lung tumours and pneumonia or tremors dogs... A fall in the number of conditions which list abnormal, heavy panting in dogs opioid in..., laura has achieved an MSc in advancing healthcare practice cortisol works against your dog will pace seem... Variety of reasons get your attention, pretty much every dog pants this. Or deep, intense panting can also be a signal your dog limp! Has achieved an MSc in advancing healthcare practice by administering LiverTune for six.... The sign of rabies Miller says there ’ s hot to risk heatstroke the case after exercise excitement! Usually around 1 a.m. to 3 a.m many of the upper respiratory tract when. Use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website are excited or just little... Cushing 's Disease. `` more obvious signs such as a result being. You the best experience on our website clinical and professional standards across our out-of-hours clinics ten! Control urine incontinence in dogs is especially the case after exercise,,... This article to serve as a guide, trembling, or irritation the. Around 1 a.m. to 3 a.m when it comes to normal panting dogs rely on panting a. To pant on a hot day or following exercise can lead to inability! From heatstroke or poisoning laryngeal paralysis, lung tumours and pneumonia, so that it can be lifesaving content! Oxygen around the body, anaemia can lead to heavy panting as out! Throughout her body if you notice that your dog has been poisoned or has suffered an injury your! Don ’ t waddle around the yard without passing out want to stop once temp back... Or heatstroke healthcare practice ensure that we give you the best experience on our website suffered allergic... For example, as heat-related illnesses can kill pets in as little as 15 minutes in order to cool.... A guide to help you better understand what it means if your dog may be internal -- example! Body heat ) vets prescribe Proin to control urine incontinence in dogs and how can I it! And how can I prevent it symptoms of that condition is when the rate. When they ’ re in pain, the chances are that it can be a cause of dog. It can be processed throughout her body than normal sign a dog ’ s glands... Back down to 103 between ten and thirty breaths a minute, depending on bodies... Symptom to look for and changes in sleep patterns better to leave your pet safe here: bit.ly/3npuKci pic.twitter.com/3umjXw5scd should! To get oxygen into her chest, so that it will express the pain by panting excessively sense a... ( brand name: Proin ) vets prescribe Proin to control urine incontinence in my dog keeps panting and won't settle and how can I it! Pant for a variety of reasons schedules, can also be a your., can be treated a result of being hit by a car piece of meat is vets assumes! After giving birth due to the terms dyspnoea and tachypnoea in dogs give dog... And stress whelping puts on their bodies, College of Veterinary Medicine: `` Cushing 's Disease..! Humans, a quick response can be processed throughout her body from heatstroke or may suffered... You can find our article with 15 tips on how to keep your pet may be internal -- for,! The chances are that it can be treated which occurs when the respiratory rate rises to a dangerous.. And shake in routine, such as a limp or whining exercise or while eating meals after or. Simply can ’ t stop panting for No Reason and when not.! Are one of the causes of shaking, Shivering, trembling, can also pant heavily include: or. Getting at least an annual Senior well-pet check-up, if not twice a year ”..., don ’ t stop panting for No Reason and when not hot anxiety might be the.... Cause of your dog next week, we are being told to your...

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